Q: How to calculate D values and Z values?
A: Use the semi-log paper and plot the values. Find the values for one log reduction
Q: How to use D values?
A: For example, for canning of non-acid food that requires 12D reduction, calculate the time required for 12 log reduction: D value x 12.
Key: make sure the temperature used matches to the specific D value, e.g., D 100 should be used if you are heating the food at 100 C.
Q: What is the use of Z value?
A: To calculate new D values when temperature is changed. So you can reduce the time needed for heat treatment. The main reasons for industry are, equipment suitability, time required, effect on food, and cost.
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